Female infertility means the inability to get pregnant after trying unprotected sexual intercourse for more than twelve months. Many reasons can lead to female infertility, and assessing them at the right time may help the couple conceive.
Luckily there are many ways to examine, rule out and treat various issues relating to infertility. In addition, you can contact the best gynaecologist in Tricity, who will help you narrow down the problems and advise accordingly. So, keep reading to learn everything you need to know about female infertility.
What Causes Fertility Issues in Females
There are many reasons which lead to various types of infertility in females. Let’s narrow down the most common causes:
Uterus Complications
The uterus is an organ in the female pelvis, which is a pear-shaped cavity. It is also known as the womb when the fetus develops here. Also, it is connected by two fallopian tubes, which bring the ovum from the ovary. It is one of the major female reproductive organs. Therefore, uterus complications are one of the most common issues which lead to female infertility. Some of the common conditions are:
Endometriosis: The tissue lining the uterus grows somewhere else. This can cause abdominal pain and heavy menstrual flow.
Uterine Fibroids: These are non-carcinogenic tumours that occur in the uterus. They cause abdominal pain, menstrual pain, frequent urination and painful intercourse.
Anatomical Issues: Some uteri have septum and unusually shaped uterus since birth.
Ovulation Disorders
The ovaries connected to fallopian tubes produce eggs and female hormones, estrogen, and progesterone, which regulate the female reproductive system. In addition, it regulates the ovulation process, that is, the release of mature eggs from the ovary. Another common reason for female infertility is problems with ovulation. Some of the common issues are:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes hormonal imbalance, which disrupts ovulation. It’s related to insulin resistance and obesity. Some of its symptoms are weight gain, abnormal hair growth, and acne.
Hypothalamic Dysfunction
The hormones produced by the pituitary gland, namely, (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), are responsible for timely ovulation. However, this flow is disrupted due to certain health conditions and a sedentary lifestyle, which can cause female infertility.
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
It is also known as a premature ovarian failure. It can be a genetic condition or a response to some treatment. This autoimmune response leads to the loss of eggs from the ovary.
Another reason is the production of excess prolactin from the pituitary gland, which decreases oestrogen production significantly. It can be a side effect of medications and treatments.
Fallopian Tube Disorders
Do you know the fallopian tube is the location of fertilisation? The sperm and ovum are fertilised here and then implant in the uterus. However, sometimes there is a blockage in the fallopian tubes, which leads to unsuccessful fertilisation.
Some reasons for the damaged or blocked fallopian tube are infections like chlamydia, gonorrhoea or other sexually transmitted diseases. Also, it can be genetic, the result of some surgeries etc.
Common Female Infertility Symptoms
Here are some common symptoms which may or may not indicate some issues in reproductive health:
- Irregular, less, heavy, or absence of menstrual cycle.
- Hormonal symptoms like acne, hair loss, hair growth in facial regions, change of voice, and weight gain
- Pain during intercourse
You should consult a doctor if you witness any of these symptoms and have been trying to conceive for more than 6 to 12 months.
What Will my Doctor ask During an Appointment to Diagnose Female Infertility?
A gynaecologist will examine the situation, ask some questions and run some tests. Some of the questions a doctor may ask are:
- Have you had any prior pregnancies or miscarriages?
- Is your menstrual cycle normal, painful or irregular?
- Do you have heavy menstrual flow or unusual discharge?
- Do you have any pelvic discomfort?
- Have you had any abdominal surgeries in your history?
Another common question is what tests will my healthcare provider run to diagnose female infertility. The common test may include a blood test, comprehensive physical exam, ultrasound of the uterus, transvaginal ultrasound, laparoscopy, etc.
After ruling out the possible issues, you may be advised to follow a routine, have medication, a surgery or adopt unique types of intrauterine insemination.
Who is at Risk for Female Infertility?
There can be numerous reasons for female infertility, but females having this issues are at a little higher risk:
- Age
- Various types of hormonal imbalance
- Abnormal menstrual cycle
- Excessive weight
- Being underweight
- An anatomical problem from birth
- Smoking
- Sedentary lifestyle
Also, other uterus, fallopian, ovary, and reproductive system problems can lead to female infertility.
Some lifestyle Changes for Healthy Reproductive Health
Narrowing down the causes of infertility is very important. However, a healthy lifestyle will help control and prevent fertility issues. You can gradually practice these habits:
Quit Smoking
Tobacco contains elements that lead to hormonal imbalance, deteriorate the female egg, and much more. Apart from widespread negative impacts on health, it especially makes it difficult to conceive. So quitting smoking will be a very progressive step.
Limiting the Alcohol
Alcohol disrupts the hormones and leads to an imbalance in ovulation. As a result, frequent consumption of alcohol may lead to female infertility. So, avoid or limit its use to control the issues.
Include Moderate Exercise
A moderate workout having complete body exercise will help a lot. It helps to release good hormones and keep PCOS, fibroids and ovulation in check. Staying active is essential if you want to improve your fertility.
Weight Extremes can be Dangerous
Being too extreme with weight can mess up reproductive health. Neither obesity nor being underweight is good for the reproductive system. Obesity increases the risk of hormonal problems. On the other hand, being underweight may lead to unsuccessful implantation and miscarriage of the foetus. So, maintain a healthy weight according to your BMI.
Keep a Check Your Diet
Having caffeine-rich drinks, processed junk food etc., can take a toll on reproductive health So, moderation is the key; you must limit excess junk and caffeine. A wholesome diet with carbohydrates, vitamins, protein, fibres, and all the nutrients is essential.
So, if you’re having problems conceiving or any other reproductive issue, reach the best lady doctor in Mohali. As the best gynaecologist in Mohali, we will help you assess and work towards fertility solutions.
